Tus neeg twg uas tau ua manually folded 200 lub thawv hauv kev hloov pauv paub lub cev tus xov tooj. Forearms hlawv, cardboard hmoov av puv huab cua, thiab pace ib txwm qeeb los ntawm lub sijhawm kawg. Rau cov haujlwm uas xa cov ntim tseem ceeb txhua hnub, cov txheej txheem phau ntawv no tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv lawm. Qhov ntawd yog qhov Fullytsis siv neeg lub thawv erector tshuabnkag rau hauv daim duab. Nws yuav siv sij hawm tiaj tus, khob -cov duab los qhia blanks thiab hloov mus rau hauv qhib, hauv qab- kaw lub thawv npaj tau txais cov khoom-txhua yam tsis muaj tib neeg txhais tes kov cov duab los qhia.
Nkag siab raws nraim li cas qhov no tshwm sim, ib kauj ruam dhau los, teeb meem yog tias koj tab tom ntsuas cov cuab yeej lossis sim daws cov kab uas twb muaj lawm. Cov tshuab ua haujlwm ncaj nraim hauv txoj cai tab sis koom nrog lub sijhawm meej, lub tshuab nqus tsev physics, thiab cov tshuab ua kom zoo sib xws uas muab khoom plig zoo dua.
Lub tshuab ua tau dab tsi
Ua ntej taug kev los ntawm kauj ruam -los ntawm - cov kauj ruam ua ntu zus, nws yuav pab txhais tau qhov kev ua haujlwm. Lub thawv erector ua peb yam: nws cais ib lub tiaj tiaj dawb ntawm ib pawg, folds uas khoob rau hauv cov duab plaub, thiab muab khi rau hauv qab flaps. Qhov ntawd yog tag nrho txoj haujlwm. Tus nqi yog nyob rau hauv kev ua raws li qhov ceev ceev- feem ntau yog 5 mus rau 30 lub thawv ib feeb nyob ntawm tus qauv- yam tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo.
Tag nrho tsis siv neeg versions tswj tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm nws tus kheej. Tus neeg teb xov tooj thauj ib pawg ntawm cov pav ca rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, lub tshuab siv los ntawm qhov ntawd. Semi- tsis siv neeg versions xav kom tus neeg teb xov tooj manually tso txhua qhov khoob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tsim; lub tshuab ces ua kom tiav qhov folding thiab sealing.
Kauj Ruam 1: Muab cov ntawv xov xwm thauj khoom thiab sib cais
Cov txheej txheem pib nrog cov ntawv xov xwm- lub voj voog ntsug uas tuav ib pawg ntawm cov duab los qhia tiaj tus. Stack qhov siab sib txawv los ntawm kev tsim tab sis feem ntau haum 50 mus rau 150 qhov khoob ib zaug, nyob ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm tuab thiab tshuab loj.
Cov txheej txheem sib cais yog thawj qhov chaw uas tuaj yeem ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm, yog li nws tsim nyog mloog. Feem ntau cov tshuab siv ib qho ntawm ob txoj hauv kev:
Kev sib txhuam- kev sib cais pub noj siv ib txoj siv rotating los yog cov menyuam uas hu rau hauv qab dawb paug hauv pawg. Kev sib txhuam rub lub hauv qab dawb paug rau pem hauv ntej thaum lub caj npab tuav tuav cov khoom seem hauv qhov chaw. Txoj kev no ua haujlwm zoo rau tus qauv corrugated board nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav.
Suction-raws li kev sib cais siv lub khob nqus tsev los tuav lub sab saum toj dawb paug hauv pawg thiab nqa nws tawm ntawm pawg. Qhov thib ob huab cua moj tej tawg los yog mechanical ntiv tes ces cais ib qho dawb paug los ntawm tej nplooj ntawv uas nyob ib sab uas tej zaum yuav daig ua ke. Txoj kev no ua haujlwm ntau yam ntawm cov khoom hnyav thiab qhov chaw saum npoo.
Rau cov ntsiab lus, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology tau sau tseg tias qhov kev sib cais tsis pub muaj kwv yees li 23% ntawm tag nrho cov xwm txheej jam nyob rau hauv siab -ceev erecting systems, nrog av noo-induced board adhesion yog thawj pab.
Kauj ruam 2: Hloov pauv thiab pib qhib
Thaum sib cais, qhov khoob yuav tsum raug xa mus los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm mus rau ntu kev tsim. Qhov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov uas lub tshuab pib "qhib" lub thawv.
Nyob rau hauv ib qho txuas ntxiv - lub tshuab txav, qhov khoob yog nqa mus rau ntawm txoj siv sia los yog cov saw hlau- tsav tsheb thaum tsim cov tuav thiab cov lus qhia txuas ntxiv thawb sab flaps sab nraud. Lub qhov khoob yeej tsis tso tseg thaum lub sijhawm no.
Nyob rau hauv ib ntus - lub tshuab txav, qhov khoob tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov. Lub tshuab nres qhov khoob ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb no thaum lub tshuab tsim ua tiav lub voj voog qhib, ces nws mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb tom ntej.
Qhov qhib nws tus kheej yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum thiab mechanical folding caj npab. Lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum ua raws li cov vaj huam sib luag tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov khoob thiab rub lawv sib nrug, tsim lub thawv thawj zaug. Cov kws qhia kev siv tshuab ces tuav lub thawv rau hauv nws lub xeev qhib ib nrab thaum lub hauv qab flaps yog positioned rau folding.
Kauj ruam 3: Hauv qab Flap Folding
Nrog lub thawv qhib ib nrab, lub hauv qab flaps yuav tsum tau muab tais rau hauv txoj hauj lwm rau sealing. Qhov no yog ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke, feem ntau yog tsav los ntawm cam-cov phaj folding lossis servo-tsav folding caj npab.
Cov kab ke tseem ceeb. Ntawm tus qauv Regular Slotted Container (RSC), qhov me me sab hauv flaps quav hauv thawj zaug, ua raws li qhov loj dua sab nraud. Cov folding daim hlau thawb cov flaps mus rau hauv ib lub tiaj tus, sib tshooj configuration. Lub sij hawm yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv feem ntawm ib tug thib ob - cov folding daim hlau txuas mus, tuav lub flaps nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm, thiab thim rov qab nyob rau hauv ib tug sib koom ua ke raws sij hawm rau lub tshuab lub voj voog tus nqi.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam los ntawm Lub Tsev Muag Khoom Ntim Tshuab, hauv qab nrov plig plawg folding mechanisms ntawm cov niaj hnub erectors ua tiav txoj haujlwm rov ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ± 1.5 hli thoob plaws ntau lawm khiav ntau tshaj 10,000 cycles. Qhov kev sib txuam no yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua tiav manually thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov qauv kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub kaw lus hauv qab.
Kauj Ruam 4: Hauv qab sealing
Thaum cov flaps hauv qab yog folded tiaj tus, lawv yuav tsum tau ruaj ntseg. Muaj ob txoj kev sib khi tseem ceeb, thiab kev xaiv cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si tsim tshuab thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam.
Siab- daim kab xev rhiab heev yog txoj hauv kev ntau dua rau kev siv dav dav - lub hom phiaj. Lub taub hau daim kab xev dispenses ib qhov ntev ntawm daim kab xev, txiav nws, thiab nias nws mus rau hauv nruab nrab seam ntawm lub hauv qab flaps. Daim ntawv thov txheej txheem yuav tsum siv lub siab sib xws los xyuas kom meej qhov adhesion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov txias ambient kub uas cov nplaum ua tau zoo tuaj yeem degrade.
Kub-melt adhesive (HMA) siv cov kua nplaum kub uas muab tso rau ntawm lub ntsej muag flap ua ntej lawv nias ua ke. Yog li HMA ua kom muaj zog dua li daim kab xev. Thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev thauj khoom hnyav lossis xa tawm qhov twg lub thawv yuav tau txais kev tuav nruj. Lub downside yog siab dua tshuab complexity. Yog li lub tshuab xav tau lub tank kua nplaum, cov kav dej kub, thiab cov kua nplaum uas xav tau kev tu tsis tu ncua.
Lub thawv tsis siv neeg puv tshuab erector nrog kub- melt sealing feem ntau ntxiv 15 mus rau 20 feem pua rau cov nqi tshuab. Tab sis nws txo cov nqi ntawm ib lub thawv los ntawm 40 mus rau 60 feem pua ntawm peb xyoos ntawm kev siv. Cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas dhau los hauv Phau Tsom Faj Txog Kev Siv Tshuab thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb.
Kauj Ruam 5: Tshem tawm lub thawv thiab Hloov
Lub thawv tshiab tawm lub erector ntawm ib qho kev tso tawm. Yog li kev txav mus los yuav tsum maj mam kom tsis txhob ua mob rau lub foob tshiab. Tab sis nws kuj yuav tsum muaj zog txaus kom tau lub thawv tawm ntawm lub tshuab.
Discharge conveyors feem ntau muaj cov lus qhia sab kom lub thawv nyob nruab nrab thaum nws txav mus. Yog li cov lus qhia no tuaj yeem hloov kho kom haum lub thawv sib txawv. Hauv siab dua - cov tshuab kawg, qhov siab tso tawm kuj tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem phim qhov siab pub ntawm lwm lub tshuab tom qab nws, xws li cov ntaub ntawv sealers, xyuas cov khoom hnyav, lossis cov khoom siv neeg hlau.
Qee lub tshuab ua ke ua ke "box squaring" ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw tawm. Pneumatic lossis servo- cov ntawv tsav tsheb siv lub sijhawm nrawm rau ob sab ntawm lub thawv, kom ntseeg tau tias lub foob hauv qab tau teeb tsa tag nrho thiab lub thawv geometry yog square ua ntej nws mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb.
Tswj System Architecture
Lub tshuab cov kauj ruam tau piav qhia saum toj no yog khiav los ntawm kev tswj hwm uas ua rau txhua yam ua haujlwm ua ke. Ntawm qhov chaw yog programmable logic controller (PLC). Yog li lub PLC tswj lub sij hawm ntawm txhua qhov - lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum, folding daim hlau, sealing hau, thiab conveyor drives.
Lub vijtsam tus neeg teb xov tooj feem ntau yog ib qho touchscreen HMI (Tib neeg-Machine Interface) muab tso rau ntawm qhov siab zoo rau tus neeg ua haujlwm. Los ntawm qhov screen no, tus neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem:
Xaiv los ntawm cov zaub mov uas tau khaws tseg (qhov loj me, hom nrov plig plawg, qhov chaw sib khi)
Saib ntau lawm suav thiab tshuab xwm txheej
Saib cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim
Hloov ceev conveyor thiab sealing tuav lub sij hawm
Industrial Automation Review tau sau tseg tias tshiab erector tswj systems tam sim no muaj ntau Internet ntawm Yam (IIoT) kev sib txuas. Yog li cov ntaub ntawv ntau lawm - lub voj voog suav, cov cav tsis raug, foob kub - tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau kev tsim khoom lag luam (MES) rau kev saib xyuas nyob.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Ua Tsis Taus
Paub tias lub tshuab ua haujlwm li cas kuj txhais tau tias paub qhov twg nws zoo li ua tsis tiav. Cov hauv qab no yog cov hom kev ua tsis tau zoo tshaj plaws, kos los ntawm cov ntawv ceeb toom kev lag luam:
| Failure Point | Yam Ua rau | Kev txo qis |
|---|---|---|
| Npliag cais jam | Static- pawg thawj coj saib; tsis raug magazine nro | Tswj cov av noo; kho retainer caij nplooj ntoos hlav nro |
| Tsis tiav flap folding | Hnav folding daim hlau; lub sijhawm teem sijhawm tsis raug | Hloov cov khoom hnav; recalibrate cam sij hawm |
| Tsis muaj zog hauv qab foob | Tsawg daim kab xev nro; HMA kub tsis txaus | Tshawb xyuas daim kab xev lub taub hau siab; check kua nplaum reservoir kub |
| Lub tshuab nqus tsev poob -tawm | Clogged lub tshuab nqus tsev khob lim; tawg khob | Hloov khob ib lub sijhawm tu; ntxuav cov lim dej txhua lub lim tiam |
| Box misalignment thaum tso tawm | Hnav sab taw qhia; conveyor siv taug qab drift | Hloov cov lus qhia bushings; kho txoj siv taug kev |
Thaum Lub Tshuab Tag Nrho Tsis Siv Neeg Lub Tshuab Erector yog qhov kev xaiv zoo
Tsis yog txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm xav tau tag nrho automation. Qhov laj thawj kev lag luam feem ntau dhau los ua qhov yuam kev thaum lub thawv ntawv sau siv ntau dua ib qho puv - lub sijhawm sib npaug (FTE) txoj haujlwm, lossis thaum lub thawv tsis zoo sib xws ua rau muaj teeb meem ntim hauv qab.
Lub thawv tsis siv neeg puv tshuab erector muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qhov chaw uas:
Koj siv ntau tshaj 500 mus rau 800 lub thawv ib hnub. Tom qab ntawd manual forming raug nqi ntau heev hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Lub thawv loj tsis hloov ntau zaus. Yog li lub tshuab tuaj yeem khiav mus ntev yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntau.
Cov khoom hnyav lossis lub thawv loj ua rau phau ntawv tuav nyuaj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm lub cev.
Cov kab ntau lawm xav tau lub thawv ntawm lub sijhawm ruaj khov uas phau ntawv sau tsis tuaj yeem muab txhua lub sijhawm.
Rau siab- sib tov, qis- ntim cov haujlwm uas lub thawv loj hloov ntau zaus hauv ib qho kev hloov pauv, lub sijhawm hloov pauv yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab ntawm erector tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev txuag nyiaj. Hauv cov xwm txheej ntawd, semi- tsis siv neeg erector lossis phau ntawv sau nrog jigs tej zaum yuav yog qhov kev xaiv ua tau zoo dua.
Kev Kho Kom Zoo
Zoo li txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab tshuab, lub thawv erector xav tau kev saib xyuas kom ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov kev zov me nyuam feem ntau yog yooj yim. Thiab lawv tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm koj tus kheej cov neeg ua haujlwm tu nrog kev cob qhia kev siv tshuab thiab hluav taws xob.
Cov dej num niaj hnub muaj xws li tshem cov duab los qhia cov plua plav tawm ntawm qhov chaw pub khoom noj, tshuaj xyuas lub khob nqus cov kua muag, thiab xyuas kom meej tias muaj cov ntaub nplaum los yog kua nplaum.
Cov haujlwm txhua lub limtiam suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas lub lim cua (rau huab cua- cov qauv siv hluav taws xob), oiling cov lus qhia rails raws li tus neeg tsim khoom hais, thiab tshawb xyuas folding phaj sib dhos.
Peb lub hlis twg cov dej num suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm kub- cov tshuab yaj, tshuaj xyuas txoj siv hlua khi, thiab tshuaj xyuas PLC qhov tsis raug cov cav rau cov qauv tshwm sim uas yuav qhia tau tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
Phau ntawv Journal of Packaging Technology thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb tau luam tawm ib txoj kev tshawb fawb qhia tias lub thawv erector txij nkawm tau ua raws li lub sijhawm pom zoo txo qis qis qis los ntawm kwv yees li 65 feem pua hauv 24 lub hlis ua haujlwm.
Kev koom ua ke nrog cov khoom siv hauv qab
Lub thawv erector tsis ua haujlwm hauv kev sib cais. Nyob rau hauv ib tug raug automated packing kab, lub erector tso tawm mus rau ib tug conveyor uas nqa lub thawv qhib mus rau lub chaw nres tsheb. Kev thauj khoom tuaj yeem yog phau ntawv (tus neeg teb xov tooj muab cov khoom tso rau hauv lub thawv) lossis automated (ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes los yog poob-sau qhov system loads lub thawv).
Rau automated loading, lub sij hawm match ntawm erector tso zis thiab lub loading system yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Yog li tus erector yuav tsum muab cov thawv rau ntawm qhov chaw tsis tu ncua. Thiab lub tshuab thauj khoom yuav tsum tau npaj txhij los nqa txhua lub thawv yam tsis muaj piling lossis tawm qhov khoob. Qhov no feem ntau yog ua tiav nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm lub teeb sensors thiab tshuab - mus rau - tshuab kev sib txuas lus ntawm PLCs.
Thaum qhia meej lub thawv tsis siv neeg puv tshuab erector rau ib txoj kab sib txuas, paub meej tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tso tawm thiab tswj cov teeb liab yog sib xws nrog cov khoom siv hauv qab. Qhov sib txawv me me hauv qhov dav dav, qhov tso tawm qhov siab, lossis kev sib txuas lus raws tu qauv tuaj yeem tig ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ncaj nraim rau hauv txoj haujlwm kev cai engineering.
Xaiv Txoj Cai Configuration
Box erectors muaj nyob rau hauv ntau configurations. Cov txheej txheem xaiv yuav tsum pib nrog kev nkag siab meej ntawm cov thawv hom thiab cov khoom ntim khoom koom nrog.
Cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
Lub thawv loj ntau yam: Yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov dav dav lub tshuab yuav tsum lis
Ntau lawm ceev: Peak thawv -ib - feeb yuav tsum tau
Txoj kev sib khi: Daim kab xev tiv thaiv kub- nplaum nplaum, raws li qhov chaw faib khoom thiab cov hom phiaj nqi
Lub peev xwm ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm: Muaj pes tsawg qhov khoob tuaj yeem thauj khoom ib zaug ( cuam tshuam rau tus neeg teb xov tooj refill zaus)
Txoj kev hloov pauv: Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv piv rau cov cuab yeej- nrawm dua- hloov pauv ( cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv rau ntau yam -SKU cov haujlwm)
Lub thawv tsis siv neeg puv tshuab erector nrog servo- tsav kev hloov kho tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm 20 mus rau 30 feeb (phau ntawv) kom qis dua 5 feeb, raws li cov qauv ntsuas luam tawm los ntawm PMMI Kev Lag Luam Cov Qauv Database. Rau kev ua haujlwm khiav ntau lub thawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm, qhov peev xwm no tuaj yeem ua tus tsav tsheb tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv.
FAQ
Ib tus erector puas tuaj yeem tuav ntau lub thawv loj?
Yog, feem ntau tag nrho cov qauv tsis siv neeg yog adjustable. Kev hloov kho ntau yam txawv ntawm lub tshuab. Qee qhov npog qhov nqaim (piv txwv li, me me rau nruab nrab lub thawv nkaus xwb); lwm tus npog ntau yam (piv txwv li, 6 × 4 × 4 ntiv tes rau 24 × 16 × 16 ntiv tes). Kev hloov pauv yuav yog phau ntawv lossis servo- pab nyob ntawm tus qauv.
Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug dawb paug jams thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom?
Lub tshuab nres thiab pom qhov ua txhaum ntawm HMI screen. Tom qab ntawd tus neeg ua haujlwm tshem tawm cov jam, tshem tawm cov khoom puas lawm, thiab rov pib lub voj voog. Yog tias jamming tshwm sim ntau zaus, nws txhais tau hais tias teeb meem teeb meem. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov ntawv xov xwm nruj, qhov tsis zoo, lossis qib av noo. Yog li koj yuav tsum kho qhov ntawd kom tsis txhob tshwm sim dua.
Puas yog kub- melt sealing tsim nyog tus nqi ntxiv?
Rau cov khoom hnyav lossis khoom thauj khoom hnyav, yog. Kub-kub ua rau ib daim ntawv cog lus uas tsis qhib hauv kev ntxhov siab yooj yim li daim kab xev. Tab sis rau cov khoom teeb nyob rau hauv kev tswj cov chaw xa khoom, daim kab xev feem ntau yog txaus. Thiab daim kab xev raug nqi tsawg dua thaum pib.
Ntau npaum li cas floorspace xav tau erector?
Ib qho tag nrho tsis siv neeg erector occupies kwv yees li 6 mus rau 10 feet ntawm conveyor ntev thiab 3 mus rau 5 feet ntawm dav, nyob ntawm tus qauv. Tso cai rau qhov chaw ntxiv rau tus neeg teb xov tooj nkag mus thiab thauj cov ntawv xov xwm.
Lub erector puas tuaj yeem txav los yog rov kho dua tom qab kev teeb tsa?
Yog, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau npaj. Lub tshuab yog bolted rau hauv pem teb, txuas nrog hluav taws xob thiab (qee zaum) cov khoom siv cua compressed. Kev hloov chaw nws yog qhov ua tau tab sis suav nrog kev sib txuas hluav taws xob, kev tshem tawm tshuab, thiab rov- ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw tshiab.
Xaus
Lub thawv tsis siv neeg puv tshuab erector hloov qhov rov ua dua, lub cev xav tau phau ntawv ua haujlwm nrog kev rov ua kom rov ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov kauj ruam-los ntawm- cov txheej txheem kauj ruam- cov ntawv xov xwm thauj khoom, kev sib cais dawb paug, hloov pauv thiab qhib, nrov plig plawg folding, hauv qab sealing, thiab tso tawm- tso siab rau lub sijhawm siv tshuab thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev ua haujlwm hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj. Thaum tau teev tseg thiab khaws cia kom raug, cov cuab yeej muab lub thawv zoo ib yam ntawm cov nqi sib tw uas phau ntawv sau tsis tuaj yeem sib xws.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab rau automate lub thawv erection thaum kawg yog ib lo lus nug ntawm ntim, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj, thiab tus nqi zog. Rau kev ua haujlwm uas tau txav mus dhau qhov ntsuas qhov uas phau ntawv sau ua rau muaj kev nkag siab, erector yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ntim khoom automation-ib qho uas them rau nws tus kheej tsis yog hauv kev txuag nyiaj tab sis hauv kev tshem tawm cov kev hloov pauv uas los nrog tib neeg qaug zog.
Qhov chaw:
Ntim Machinery Manufacturers Lub koom haum - Cov qauv txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm rau cov khoom siv txhim kho rooj plaub.
Phau ntawv Journal of Packaging Technology and Research - Kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev sib khi txoj kev sib piv cov nqi kawm.
Industrial Automation Review - Tswj system architecture thiab IIoT kev koom ua ke hauv ntim tshuab.
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology - Kev sib cais tsis ua hauj lwm hom kev tsom xam hauv siab -ceev erecting systems.
PMMI Kev Lag Luam Standards Database - Hloov pauv lub sij hawm benchmarks rau adjustable rooj erecting khoom.