Ntim cov kab ntau lawm, uas ib zaug xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj los tswj kev tsim khoom, tam sim no muaj ib lossis ob tus neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas ntau ntau cov txheej txheem automated ib zaug. Carton forming machinery plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv ua haujlwm no. Qhov tseeb ntawm qhov loj me, kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov qauv thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tsim theem- yuam kev qhia ntawm no tsis tuaj yeem raug kho hauv qab.
Paub raws nraim li cas a tag nrho tsis siv neeg ntawv lub thawv ua tshuab kev ua haujlwm los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov thawv tiav pab cov neeg tswj xyuas kev txiav txim siab txog kev yuav khoom, pab cov kws tsim khoom tsim khoom hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem, thiab muab lub hauv paus rau cov pab pawg zoo kom nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, ntau dua li vague generalizations, peb siv tshwj xeeb ntawm technology los ua kom tiav tag nrho cov txheej txheem khiav hauj lwm.
Pib taw tes: Cov khoom npaj thiab pub mis
Ua ntej tsim, lub tshuab yuav tsum tau txais cov txheej txheem npaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov thawv ntim khoom lag luam yog tsim los siv cov ntawv grey, tseem hu ua chipboard lossis binding boards, raws li lub hauv paus ntawm cov qauv, nrog cov ntawv zoo nkauj lossis cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb -cov ntawv ci, cov ntawv tuav, cov ntawv luam tawm - raws li sab nrauv.
Cov txheej txheem pub txheej txheem greyboard panels uas tau raug txiav ua ntej rau qhov loj me, feem ntau hauv kev ua haujlwm txiav. Tsis siv neeg stacking feeders thauj cov panels rau hauv phau ntawv xov xwm style hoppers. Lub feeder-feem ntau yog raws li lub khob nqus tsev vacuum- yog mechanically tsim los rho tawm ib daim ntawv los ntawm hauv qab los yog saum toj ntawm pawg thiab huv si cais txhua daim ntawv yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau ib tug thib ob pub.
Pub qhov tseeb ntawm no ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov tshwm sim hauv qab. Qhov yuam kev- lub vaj huam sib luag sau npe nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw molding tsim ib lub thawv warped, txawm tias tag nrho cov txheej txheem tom qab raug ua tiav. High-spec machines siv ultrasonic ob npaug- pub kev tshawb nrhiav, uas tuaj yeem nres cov kab ntau lawm tam sim yog tias ob daim nkag mus rau tib lub sijhawm, tiv thaiv cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov khoom siv puas tsuaj.
Kauj Ruam 1: Cov qhab nia ntawm pawg thawj coj saib thiab ua ntej-Tuag
Cov thawv ntawv tsis tuaj yeem yooj yim quav ntawm cov ces kaum yam tsis muaj kev npaj- cov kab nrib pleb tsis muaj kab nrib pleb hauv lub rooj tsav xwm grey es tsis yog cov quav huv, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov pob txha zoo nkauj uas cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tiav.
Lub cim rau cov menyuam los yog txoj cai thiab qhov chaw nres tsheb tuag yog tsim ua ntej raws li qhov tseeb crease phaj. Cov qhab-nees qhov tob yog calibrated txheeb ze rau board thickness: qhov ntiav heev tus qhab nia tsis ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov quav; sib sib zog nqus cov qhab nia cuam tshuam cov qauv kev ncaj ncees. Rau ib pawg loj ntawmtag nrho tsis siv neeg ntawv lub thawv ua tshuabsystems, cov qhab nia tsis tau muab khaws cia raws li programmable txoj haujlwm zaub mov, uas tus neeg teb xov tooj rov qab thiab siv dua.
Cov qhab nia ntawm ntau lub tshuab yog ua ntej- tawg- cov ntiv tes lossis cov chais ib nrab quav cov kab cim kom xoob cov qauv fiber ntau thiab xyuas kom cov phiaj xwm quav kom huv thiab tsis tu ncua thaum lawv mus txog qhov chaw tsim khoom. Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tuab greyboards (1.5 hli thiab siab dua) nrog cov fiber ntau tsis kam.
Kauj ruam 2: Daim ntawv thov Adhesive
Tom qab lub rooj tsavxwm tau muab qhab nia thiab ua ntej, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog siv cov nplaum. Cov txheej txheem ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab hom adhesives sib txawv raws li kev tsim khoom thiab kev tsim khoom:
Thermoplastic adhesive systems yog programmed kom tshem cov thermoplastic nplaum los ntawm lub taub hau kub taub hau. Kub melts solidify sai - feem ntau nyob rau hauv 2-15 vib nas this - kom ceev cov ntau lawm mus. Qhov kev txwv yog qhov kub thiab txias: kub melts ua mos thaum khaws cia lossis kev thauj mus los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab yog li tsis haum rau qee qhov kawg siv.
Cov kua nplaum txias (PVA-raws li) cov tshuab muaj lub sijhawm qhib ntev thiab tuaj yeem ua tau zoo -tuned ua ntej daim ntawv cog lus. Cov kua nplaum txias ua kom zoo dua qhov kawg adhesion thiab zoo dua kub ua hauj, tab sis yuav tsum tau ntev nias, txo tag nrho cov khoom.
Lub tshuab tswj tsis siv neeg tswj cov kua nplaum, qhov kub thiab txias (siv rau kub yaj), daim ntawv thov qauv dav thiab lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug meej kam rau ua ntau yam. Nyob rau hauv tag nrhotag nrho tsis siv neeg ntawv lub thawv ua tshuabplatforms, tus nqi ntawm cov nplaum siv yog 15-25% qis dua li cov tshuab zoo sib xws ua haujlwm los ntawm tib neeg, vim tias daim ntawv thov kom muaj nuj nqis yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov txheej txheem programmable tsis yog kev txiav txim ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj.
Sensors txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov binders tom qab txhua daim ntawv thov. Yog tias lub taub hau ua kua nplaum ua rau txhaws lossis qhuav, qhov kev kuaj xyuas pom tias cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam tau raug tsis lees paub, tsis yog tso cai rau lub thawv tsis zoo dhau los ntawm cov kauj ruam ntau lawm.
Kauj Ruam 3: Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Sau Npe Sau Ntawv
Cov txheej txheem ua ke muab cov nplaum coated phaj nrog cov ntaub qhwv txheej. Qhov no kuj yog qhov tseeb qhov kev sau npe ncaj qha feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm lub thawv tiav.
Daim ntawv qhwv-txawm nws yog dawb, luam tawm, frilly los yog cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb textured- yog pub los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm cais lossis cov ntawv ntim khoom noj. Lub koob yees duab raws li lossis cov tshuab sau npe tshuab kho cov qauv luam ntawv lossis ntawv ci tsim rau lub rooj tsavxwm txoj haujlwm ua ntej kev sib cuag. Rau kev ntim khoom zoo tib yam, kev sib haum xeeb ntawm ± 0.3 -0.5 mm yog feem ntau txais. Kev kam rau siab yuav tsum nruj rau + -0.1 -0.2 hli rau cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm lossis cov substrates nrog cov cim npe sib txawv.
Cardboard yog muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv qhwv nrog cov txheej txheem overhang ntawm txhua sab. Cov npoo no-feem ntau nyob nruab nrab ntawm 10mm thiab 20mm, nyob ntawm qhov tsim ntawm lub thawv- muab cov ntaub ntawv los qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov ces kaum thiab txuas rau sab hauv. Precise margin sib xws ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm ntug thiab huv sab hauv thoob plaws hauv kev tsim khoom.
Kauj Ruam 4: Khawm Folding thiab tsim
Lub kaum sab sauv yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv kev ua cov thawv. Plaub lub ces kaum ntawm ib lub thawv tsis tuaj yeem folding ib qho tom qab. Yog li cov khoom siv ntxiv ntawm cov ces kaum yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo. Tom qab ntawd nws tso tseg cov pob tawg lossis qhov khoob uas ua mob rau lub thawv lub zog thiab saib.
Automatic forming stations siv precisely timed mechanical sequences:
Lub kaum sab xis txiav lossis grooving tshem tawm cov khoom ntau dhau ntawm txhua lub ces kaum ua ntej folding, tiv thaiv cov khoom sib tshooj los tsim cov pob pom. Notch geometry yog xam nrog rau lub thawv qhov ntev thiab lub rooj tsavxwm thickness.
Sab phab ntsa folding folds plaub sab flaps upwards nyob ib ncig ntawm cov qhab nia board npoo. Folding sequence yog ib qho tseem ceeb: feem ntau, cov sab nraud folding ib txhij los yog nyob rau hauv ceev succession los tiv thaiv board tsiv thaum lub sij hawm folding txheej txheem.
Quav lub kaum sab xis clamping mechanism thiab ntxuav lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov khoom ntim tawm tsam lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub thawv. Cov kauj ruam no yuav tsum tau lub sij hawm thiab cov geometry ntawm mechanical geometry- thiab yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej sab phab ntsa nyem nws.
Lub kaum sab xis extrusion yuav tsum siv lub zog tswj los teeb tsa daim ntawv cog lus ntawm txhua lub ces kaum. Raws li qhov ntev ntawm kev nyob thiab siab yog programmable tsis uas sib txawv nrog board thickness, nplaum hom thiab ambient kub.
Covtag nrho tsis siv neeg ntawv lub thawv ua tshuabua tiav qhov kev sib tw ua tiav ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov neeg siv phau ntawv - feem ntau ua tiav tag nrho plaub fab hauv 1-3 vib nas this ib lub thawv.
Kauj ruam 5: Nto nias thiab sib txuas teeb tsa
Tom qab lub kaum sab sauv, lub thawv txav mus rau lub rooj xovxwm tiaj tus, siv lub siab zoo thoob plaws hauv phab ntsa. Cov kauj ruam no ua kom paub tseeb tias daim ntawv qhwv yog tag nrho rau ntawm daim duab los qhia qhov chaw uas tsis muaj lub hnab ntim cua, tsa cov npoo los yog qhov chaw waviness.
Kev tsim cov chaw xovxwm sib txawv. Qee lub tshuab siv cov xovxwm zoo li qub los tuav txhua lub thawv rau hauv qhov chaw rau lub sijhawm ua ntej tso tawm. Lub siab -throughput configuration siv ib qho opposite- siv system ntawm nruam siv xovxwm, haum rau ib tug nruam tswj kev ncua deb. Txoj siv tawv compression tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm voj voog nrawm dua vim tias lub thawv txav mus tas li, tsis txhob tso tseg txhua lub sijhawm siv lub siab.
Thaum cov khoom ntim yuav tsum tau ua kom sov kom ua kom cov nplaum nplaum los yog txhim kho kev ua raws, qee zaum muaj qhov kub thiab txias - tswj phaj siab lossis nias ntxiv. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntawv ci wrapping uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov kub thiab txias tshwj xeeb kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Kauj Ruam 6: Sab hauv Board Placement (rau lub hau thiab lub hauv paus Configurations)
Ntau lub thawv nruj tsim qauv yuav tsum muaj nyias sab hauv phaj-ib phaj thib ob hauv lub thawv molded los tsim cov phab ntsa sab hauv tiav lossis muab cov txheej txheem ntxiv. Lub hau retractable thiab lub hauv paus configuration yuav tsum muaj lub hau thiab lub hauv paus, txhua tus uas yog tsim los ntawm kev ua tiav raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Automatic board placement system input lub puab phaj mus rau hauv ib feem tsim lub thawv, kev sau npe raug tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov sib xws ntawm qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntev. Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov thawv uas ib qho khoom ntxig lossis lub tais yuav tsum tau txais: sab hauv qhov ntev ntev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom.
Qee lub tshuab tau teeb tsa los tswj ob lub hau thiab lub hauv paus tsim khoom ntawm cov kab sib txuas ua ke thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov khoom sib txuam ua ke rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb.
Kauj Ruam 7: Kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab tsis lees paub
Lub tshuab ntsuas qhov ntsuas tsis siv neeg tshawb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb tsis zoo ua ntej cov thawv tiav tawm ntawm kab molding:
Dimensional verification siv mechanical gauging lossis laser ntsuas kom paub meej tias lub thawv tsim tau raws li qhov ntev, qhov dav thiab qhov siab. Cov pob khoom uas dhau qhov kev zam tau raug xa mus rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab dua li txuas ntxiv mus.
Lub koob yees duab soj ntsuam saum npoo scan rau wrinkles, air hnab ris, seepage of adhesives los yog misregistration ntawm cov qauv luam tawm. Kev soj ntsuam rhiab heev yog programmable --cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem tsim kev nruj dua rau cov khoom siv siab heev thiab yooj yim rau kev zam rau cov ntawv thov tsawg dua.
Lub kaum ntse ntse sensors pom qhov ua tsis tiav folding, lifting lossis bonding faults nyob rau hauv kaum txoj hauj lwm. Lub kaum sab xis yog ib qho teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov thawv nruj, ua rau kev tshuaj xyuas lub kaum ntse ntse tshwj xeeb yog tus qauv ntawm kev tsim khoom- cov khoom siv qib.
Thaum cov xwm txheej ntau lawm ruaj khov, Cov Kev Tsis Txaus Siab ntawm kev tswj xyuas kom raugtag nrho tsis siv neeg ntawv lub thawv ua tshuabcov khoom siv feem ntau qis dua 2%, thaum phau ntawv lossis ib nrab - cov kab ntau lawm yog 5 - 12%. Qhov nce ntawm cov zis ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev suav ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom.
Kauj Ruam 8: Tso zis tuav thiab stacking
Lub thawv tiav tuaj tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb molding thiab nkag mus rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Conveyor system xa cov thawv mus rau ib qho chaw nres tsheb, qhov chaw uas lawv tau qhia thiab pab pawg rau cov txheej txheem qis qis - phau ntawv ntim, tsis siv neeg cartoning lossis hloov mus rau theem tom ntej ntawm kev tsim khoom.
Cov txheej txheem stacking yuav tsum nqa lub thawv kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj qhov cim npe lossis kaum kev puas tsuaj. Lub tshuab nqus tsev- pab tuav lossis padded mechanical grippers yog txoj hauv kev. Stack qhov siab thiab kev taw qhia kev npaj kom haum rau cov kev cai tuav downstream thiab shipping thawv configuration.
Yuav ua li cas programmable tswj systems khi sequences ua ke
Cov kauj ruam uas tau piav saum toj no tuaj yeem muab kev ua tau zoo ib yam nkaus nkaus xwb yog tias lawv tau sib koom ua ke. Niaj hnub nimno tag nrho automated carton tshuab platforms siv PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) los yog PC-raws li tus qauv tswj thaum tswj lub sij hawm, ceev thiab parameter qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov chaw.
Txoj haujlwm parameter cia tuaj yeem hloov pauv sai ntawm ib lub thawv mus rau lwm qhov. Tus neeg ua haujlwm paub txog tuaj yeem hloov lub tshuab los ntawm lub thawv loj mus rau qhov sib txawv kiag li nyob rau hauv 15 mus rau 25 feeb los ntawm kev rov qab cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, piv rau 60 mus rau 90 feeb rau kev hloov kho tshuab rau cov khoom qub. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo no ua rau muaj peev xwm tsim tau txhua lub limtiam rau cov tuam txhab uas siv lub sijhawm siab - sib xyaw ua haujlwm ntau lawm.
Tiag - lub sij hawm ntau lawm soj ntsuam xyuas cov zis suav, tus nqi tsis kam lees, lub sij hawm mus ncig, thiab cov khoom siv. Thaum lub sensor anomalies qhia tias ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog lub cuab yeej lossis cov khoom siv, qhov kev ua txhaum kev sib koom ua ke nres txoj kab - tiv thaiv qhov tsis xws luag los ntawm kev sib kis, lossis cov khoom tsim tawm yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab tsis lees paub.
Kev nkag siab txog qhov kev txiav txim yuav pab tau zoo dua cov cuab yeej ntsuas
Thaum ntsuam xyuas cov khoom siv lub thawv ntawv, nkag siab txog cov kauj ruam -los ntawm - cov kauj ruam ib ntus pab cov neeg yuav khoom nug cov lus nug ntau dua li qhov sib piv dav dav ntawm cov ntsuas nrawm lossis tus nqi.
Cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb tsim nyog kawm: yuav ua li cas nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thickness los ntawm kev khoov mechanism? Dab tsi yog qhov ntsuas qhov pib ntawm ob npaug -fed sensors? Yuav ua li cas ceev cov kua nplaum kub system teb rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv ambient kub? Lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm lub thawv loj yog dab tsi thiab lub sijhawm no suav nrog kev rov qab los lossis tsuas yog hloov kho tshuab?
Cov neeg muab khoom siv tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug no nrog cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb engineering- dua li qhov kev thov muaj peev xwm dav dav - los ua kom pom qhov tob ntawm cov khoom thiab ua kom pom qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim khoom. Cov kab lus piav qhia ntawm no muab lub hauv paus rau kev sib tham no.
Kev siv
Ntim Machinery Manufacturers lub koom haum (PMMI). PMMI Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev ntim khoom thib ob: Kev Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv thiab ROI Frameworks. PMMI Kev Txawj Ntse, 2023.
TAPPI (Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry). "Standard Test Method for Cardboard Bursting Strength." TAPPI T810 om-22, 2022.
ASTM International. "Standard test method for cardboard hardness." ASTM D1388-23, 2023.
European Federation ntawm Corrugated Board Manufacturers (FEFCO). Kev Qhia Txog Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem Zoo thiab Cov Qauv Zoo. FEFCO Technical Series, 2022.
International Safe Transit Association (ISTA). Test specification rau ntim kev ua tau zoo ntawm Rigid Box Structures. ISTA txheej txheem 2A, 2023.